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In a new study, Associate Professor Leszek Liowski and his team at the University of Sydney have identified a new method for producing a therapeutic product, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, which has the potential to improve the treatment of cancer. The relevant research results were recently published in the journal Molecular Therapy, with the title of the paper "Tailoring capsid-directed evolution technology for improved AAV-mediated CAR-T generation".
In a new study, a research team from the Helmholtz Institute for RNA Infection Research and the University of Regensburg has provided new insights into how HIV-1, the virus that causes AIDS, cleverly hijacks cellular machinery to maintain its own survival. By dissecting the molecular interactions between the virus and its host, they identified a new strategy for HIV-1 to ensure its own replication while suppressing host cell defenses. The relevant research results were published online in the journal Nature Structural & Molecular Biology in January 2025, with the title "The translational landscape of HIV-1 infected cells reveals key gene regulatory principles".
Researchers at the Mayo Clinic published a research paper titled "Oncolytic cytomegaloviruses expressing EGFR-retargeted fusogenic glycoprotein complex and drug-controllable interleukin 12" in Cell Reports Medicine. This study developed an oncolytic human cytomegalovirus expressing an EGFR retargeting fusion gene glycoprotein complex and drug-controllable IL-12, and its significant anti-tumor effect was verified in glioblastoma (GBM) models.
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in late 2019, it has had a huge impact on health, society and economy around the world. As the virus continues to spread, we realize that the impact of COVID-19 infection goes far beyond the acute phase. Some patients still suffer from persistent symptoms weeks or even months after infection, a condition known as "Long COVID" or "Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19" (PASC).
Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive inherited bleeding disorder caused by genetic defects in coagulation factor VIII or coagulation factor IX. It is divided into two main types: hemophilia A (F VIII deficiency) and hemophilia B (F IX deficiency). In a new study, researchers from Christian Medical College in Vellore, India, and other research institutions found that lentiviral vectors can be successfully used to provide gene therapy for patients with severe hemophilia A. They provide a potential alternative to adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene therapy, solving the problem of excluding patients with pre-existing anti-AAV antibodies from gene therapy. The relevant research results were published online in the New England Journal of Medicine on December 9, 2024, with the title "Lentiviral Gene Therapy with CD34+ Hematopoietic Cells for Hemophilia A".
Gliomas are the most common type of brain cancer, including the deadliest form, glioblastoma. Every week, Harvard Medical School neuro-oncologist Annie Hsieh treats patients with gliomas. After Hsieh's fellow neurosurgeons remove a glioma with surgery, it often appears that no cancer cells are left. Radiation and other treatments may follow. However, gliomas often recur, not only in the original site but also in distant parts of the brain. This can harm the nervous system and, in some cases, lead to death.
Recently, Nature reported on the headlines of its official website a special case of a virologist who used a virus she cultivated in the laboratory to treat her own cancer.
Chronic viral hepatitis is a long-term inflammation of the liver, usually caused by hepatitis B (HBV), C (HCV) or D (HDV) viruses. Although these viruses replicate differently, they all rely on the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi pathway for replication. In this process, a gene called TM6SF2 plays a key role. It is estimated that 450,000 people in Australia suffer from chronic viral hepatitis, and about 1,000 people die each year.
The Liu Ruqian team at the Broad Institute published a research paper titled "Directed evolution of engineered virus-like particles with improved production and transduction efficiencies" in the journal Nature Biotechnology. The study used directed evolution to develop the fifth generation of engineered virus-like particles (v5 eVLP), which has higher production efficiency and delivery efficiency.
Recently, researchers from Central South University in China and other institutions published a research paper titled "Human papillomavirus-encoded circular RNA circE7 promotes immune evasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma" in the journal Nature Communications. The study found that human HPV virus downregulates the expression of the immune checkpoint molecule Galectin-9 by encoding circular RNA, circE7, thereby promoting immune escape in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Based on this discovery, a new idea of combining TIM-3 (Galectin-9 receptor on T cells) monoclonal antibody with existing PD-1 monoclonal antibody to improve the immunotherapy effect of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma was proposed.
